Source: Ministry of Justice | Published: 2026-05-20 19:57
Original link: https://www.moj.gov.cn/pub/sfbgw/zcjd/202605/t20260520_535327.html
On May 15, 2026, Premier Li Qiang signed State Council Order No. 839, promulgating the Regulations on the Implementation of the Mineral Resources Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter the "Regulations"), which take effect on June 15, 2026. The responsible officials of the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry of Natural Resources recently answered reporters' questions on the Regulations.
2026年5月15日，国务院总理李强签署第839号国务院令，公布《中华人民共和国矿产资源法实施条例》（以下简称《条例》），自2026年6月15日起施行。日前，司法部、自然资源部负责人就《条例》有关问题回答了记者提问。
Q: Could you briefly introduce the background to the issuance of the Regulations?
问：请简要介绍一下《条例》出台的背景。
A: Mineral resources exploration and development bears on the national economy and people's livelihood and on national security, and the CPC Central Committee and State Council attach great importance to mineral resources development, utilization, and security guarantees. General Secretary Xi Jinping has on multiple occasions issued important instructions and directives on raising the level of mineral resources development and protection. On November 8, 2024, the 12th session of the Standing Committee of the 14th National People's Congress passed the revised Mineral Resources Law of the People's Republic of China (hereinafter "Mineral Resources Law"), which took effect on July 1, 2025. This revision was the first comprehensive revision since the Mineral Resources Law took effect more than 30 years ago, and made many innovative provisions on mining rights, the administration of mineral resources exploration and extraction, ecological restoration of mining areas, mineral resources reserves, and emergency response, providing strong legal safeguards for promoting high-quality development of the mining industry, guaranteeing national mineral resources security, and advancing ecological civilization construction in the new era. To ensure effective implementation of the Mineral Resources Law, further refine and improve the relevant institutional measures established by the law, and enhance the operability of the system, it was necessary to formulate the Regulations and to build a supporting, coordinated mineral resources legal system.
答： 矿产资源勘查开发事关国计民生和国家安全，党中央、国务院高度重视矿产资源开发利用和安全保障。习近平总书记多次就提高矿产资源开发保护水平等作出重要指示批示。2024年11月8日，十四届全国人大常委会第十二次会议修订通过了《中华人民共和国矿产资源法》（以下简称矿产资源法），自2025年7月1日起施行。这次修订，是矿产资源法施行30多年来第一次全面修订，在矿业权、矿产资源勘查开采管理、矿区生态修复、矿产资源储备和应急等方面作出了许多创新性规定，为新时代推动矿业高质量发展、保障国家矿产资源安全、推进生态文明建设提供了有力法治保障。为保障矿产资源法有效实施，进一步细化和完善法律规定的相关制度措施，增强制度的可操作性，有必要制定《条例》，构建配套衔接的矿产资源法律制度体系。
Q: What was the overall thinking behind formulating the Regulations?
问：制定《条例》的总体思路是什么？
A: Formulation of the Regulations was guided by Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, and fully implemented the spirit of General Secretary Xi's important instructions and directives and the decisions and deployments of the CPC Central Committee and State Council. The overall approach centered on three points. First, holding to a goals-based and problem-based orientation, coordinating development and security, improving the end-to-end system for exploration, production, supply, storage, and sale of strategic mineral resources, and providing further legal safeguards for high-quality development of the mining industry and for national mineral resources security. Second, accurately grasping the legislative positioning, rigorously implementing the Mineral Resources Law, and making clear provisions on the institutional measures that needed to be refined and improved at the administrative regulation level. Third, strengthening institutional integration—consolidating and integrating the several pre-existing supporting administrative regulations under the original Mineral Resources Law to enhance the integrity and synergy of the mineral resources legal system.
答： 《条例》制定坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻落实习近平总书记重要指示批示精神和党中央、国务院决策部署，在总体思路上主要把握了以下三点：一是坚持目标导向和问题导向，统筹发展和安全，健全战略性矿产资源探产供储销全链条统筹和衔接体系，着力为推动矿业高质量发展、保障国家矿产资源安全进一步提供法治保障。二是准确把握立法定位，严格贯彻落实矿产资源法，对需要在行政法规层面细化和完善的制度措施作出明确规定。三是强化制度集成，统筹整合原矿产资源法的多部配套行政法规，增强矿产资源法律制度体系的整体性、协同性。
Q: How do the Regulations further improve the system of mining rights?
问：《条例》如何进一步完善矿业权相关制度？
A: Mining rights are a foundational system established by the Mineral Resources Law. The Regulations further improve the mining rights system in four respects. First, refining the methods for establishing mining rights—clarifying that they are to be granted on a priority basis through tender, specifying the circumstances under which they may be granted by agreement, and providing that, in cases where strategic mineral resources urgently need to be extracted to ensure national mineral resources security, a mining right may be directly granted with the approval of the State Council. Second, strengthening the work of granting mining rights—clarifying the division of authority over the granting of mining rights, providing that exploration rights and mining rights for the same mineral are administered at the same level, requiring the granting authorities to ensure that proposed areas comply with the territorial spatial planning control requirements, and specifying incentive measures for entities and individuals that provide exploration-right blocks as well as the specific circumstances for reducing or waiving the proceeds from granting mining rights. Third, improving the system for renewing mining rights—clarifying the renewal procedures and the specific requirements for reducing the area of the exploration zone upon renewal of an exploration right. Fourth, strengthening the administration of transfers of mining rights—specifying the circumstances under which mining rights may not be transferred, and requiring transferees to possess the corresponding technical capabilities and other conditions.
答： 矿业权是矿产资源法确立的基础性制度。《条例》从四个方面对矿业权制度作了进一步完善。一是完善矿业权设立方式，明确了优先通过招标方式出让以及可以通过协议方式出让矿业权的具体情形，并规定为保障国家矿产资源安全急需开采战略性矿产资源的，经国务院同意可直接授予采矿权。二是加强矿业权出让工作，明确了矿业权出让权限划分，规定同一矿种的探矿权、采矿权出让实行同级管理；要求矿业权出让部门确保拟出让区域符合国土空间规划管控要求；明确了对提供探矿权区块的单位、个人的激励措施以及减免矿业权出让收益的具体情形。三是完善矿业权续期制度，明确了矿业权续期的程序以及探矿权续期时核减勘查区域面积的具体要求。四是加强矿业权转让管理，明确了矿业权不得转让的具体情形，要求矿业权转让的受让人具备相应技术能力等条件。
Q: What detailed provisions do the Regulations make for mineral resources exploration and extraction?
问：《条例》对矿产资源勘查、开采作了哪些细化规定？
A: Five main areas. First, providing for the establishment and improvement of a system of technical standards and norms for foundational geological surveys, strengthening quality oversight of survey results, and unifying the release of survey results. Second, specifying the procedures for applying for exploration permits and mining permits and the relevant requirements for preparing exploration plans and extraction plans. Third, further strengthening land-use guarantees for mining—clarifying the specific scope of land use for mineral resources exploration and extraction; allowing state-owned land and collective for-profit construction land used for extraction to be granted by agreement; requiring that temporary land use for open-pit extraction of strategic mineral resources be approved on a zoned and phased basis; and providing that people's governments at and above the county level shall provide lawful support for the reasonable land needs of mineral resources exploration and extraction. Fourth, providing for the formulation of national standards on the mining recovery rate, beneficiation recovery rate, and comprehensive utilization rate of mineral resources; strengthening the promotion and application of advanced and appropriate technologies, processes, and equipment for the comprehensive extraction and utilization of mineral resources; and advancing the industrialized development of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources. Fifth, providing that the state will periodically organize evaluations of mineral resources potential and surveys of the current status of development and utilization; clarifying the contents and legal effect of mineral resources reserves reports; and requiring mining right holders to conduct monitoring of mineral resources reserves in accordance with regulations.